Bangkok

Bangkok, Thailand, scores 60 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #140 of 309 destinations. 25 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 81% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 60
• OECD: 57
• UN Tourism: 63
• UNDRR: 61

Strongest

• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 78.8 % average annual occupancy (National Statistical Office of Thailand / Ministry of Tourism and Sports, Statistical Yearbook Thailand 2025 (Table 17.1), 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4.
• Unemployment rate: 0.9 % of the labour force (Bank of Thailand / National Statistical Office Thailand, Table EC_RL_009_S4_BK Labour Force Survey (New Series ISIC Rev.4) in Bangkok, December 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Bangkok Port (Port Authority of Thailand) & State Railway of Thailand, 2026). At or above 4: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Wastewater safely treated: 25 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (NESDC / PreventionWeb, Thailand Disaster Risk Reduction / SDG Review 2024, 2024). Below 50: grade 0/4.
• Tropical nights: 353.6 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4.
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (The Straits Times, 2026). Grade 1/4.

Thailand in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

Thailand is #38 of 110 countries (4.35 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 61 on the CIRA Index; Bangkok is 1 below that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 70

• Nights in the three busiest months: 29.7 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2024, 2025 moving average). At or below 30: grade 4/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 33.6 % of nights by residents of the same country (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). Between 25 and 35: grade 2/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 30.8 % of international arrivals or nights (Association of Thai Travel Agents (ATTA) via TourismThailand, Jan 1–Dec 20, 2025). Between 30 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: not measured yet
• Average length of stay: 3 nights per visitor (TTR Weekly / Tourism Authority of Thailand & Ministry of Tourism and Sports, 2024–2025). Between 2.8 and 3.5: grade 3/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 78.8 % average annual occupancy (National Statistical Office of Thailand / Ministry of Tourism and Sports, Statistical Yearbook Thailand 2025 (Table 17.1), 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 56

• Jobs in tourism industries: 11.9 % of employment in accommodation and food services (Bank of Thailand / National Statistical Office, Labour Force Survey in Bangkok (EC_RL_009_S4_BK), December 2024). Between 8 and 12: grade 3/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 0.9 % of the labour force (Bank of Thailand / National Statistical Office Thailand, Table EC_RL_009_S4_BK Labour Force Survey (New Series ISIC Rev.4) in Bangkok, December 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Income per head: 26,250 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 15,000 and 30,000: grade 1/4. Source
• Economic diversity: 57.2 % of employment outside accommodation, food, retail and transport (Bank of Thailand / National Statistical Office Thailand, Table EC_RL_009_S4_BK Labour Force Survey (New Series ISIC Rev.4) in Bangkok, December 2024). Between 55 and 64: grade 1/4. Source

Climate and hazards: 25

• Extreme heat days: 32.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 30 and 60: grade 1/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 353.6 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 4.9 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 3.5 and 5: grade 2/4. Source

Water and environment: 50

• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 25 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (NESDC / PreventionWeb, Thailand Disaster Risk Reduction / SDG Review 2024, 2024). Below 50: grade 0/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 394.2 kg per resident per year (Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) Environment Department via The Circulate Initiative Circularity Assessment Protocol, 2023). Between 350 and 450: grade 3/4. Source
• Green space: 31 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Husqvarna Urban Green Space Index (HUGSI), 2024). Between 30 and 40: grade 3/4. Source

Community and housing: 75

• Tourism intensity: not measured yet
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: not measured yet
• Short-let density: 0.5 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (AirDNA via ResearchGate / Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) Housing Data, 2024). Between 0.5 and 1: grade 3/4. Source
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 75

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Bangkok Port (Port Authority of Thailand) & State Railway of Thailand, 2026). At or above 4: grade 4/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated, tested plan that names visitors and tourism operators, with warnings in several languages (Bangkok Post, 2026). Grade 4/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: A plan tested in an exercise or a real event, with lessons published (TAT Newsroom, 2026). Grade 4/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 59.9 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 40 and 60: grade 2/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (The Straits Times, 2026). Grade 1/4. Source

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