Havana

Havana, Cuba, scores 57 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #184 of 309 destinations. 23 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 67% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 57
• OECD: 49
• UN Tourism: 65
• UNDRR: 57

Strongest

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (CubaTravel (Ministry of Tourism) & World Travel Guide, 2024–2026). At or above 4: grade 4/4.
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated, tested plan that names visitors and tourism operators, with warnings in several languages (UNDRR & PreventionWeb, ALNAP Disaster Risk Reduction Case Studies, 2024–2026). Grade 4/4.
• Municipal waste per resident: 225.9 kg per resident per year (Revista Universidad de La Habana / ONEI, 2021). At or below 350: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 23 % average annual occupancy (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via OnCubaNews / 14ymedio, 2024). Below 45: grade 0/4.
• Recovery against 2019: 47.1 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via 14ymedio / Opinión Cubana, 2024). Below 80: grade 0/4.
• Largest foreign market: 41.6 % of international arrivals or nights (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via ACN & Escambray, 2025). Above 40: grade 0/4.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 29

• Nights in the three busiest months: 56.6 % of annual nights (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via Diario de Cuba / EFE, Jan–Aug 2026). Above 50: grade 0/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 38.3 % of nights by residents of the same country (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via Periódico Girón, Jan–Sep 2025). Between 35 and 45: grade 3/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 41.6 % of international arrivals or nights (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via ACN & Escambray, 2025). Above 40: grade 0/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: 47.1 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via 14ymedio / Opinión Cubana, 2024). Below 80: grade 0/4. Source
• Average length of stay: 5.8 nights per visitor (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via 14ymedio / IPS Cuba, 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 23 % average annual occupancy (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via OnCubaNews / 14ymedio, 2024). Below 45: grade 0/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 63

• Jobs in tourism industries: not measured yet
• Unemployment rate: 1.8 % of the labour force (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Income per head: 23,700 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (CIA World Factbook / OpenFactBook, 2024). Between 15,000 and 30,000: grade 1/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 40

• Extreme heat days: 7.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 5 and 15: grade 3/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 317.8 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 3.5 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 2 and 3.5: grade 3/4. Source

Water and environment: 67

• Water scarcity: low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 3/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 52 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI) via Diario de Cuba / INRH, 2024). Between 50 and 70: grade 1/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 225.9 kg per resident per year (Revista Universidad de La Habana / ONEI, 2021). At or below 350: grade 4/4. Source
• Green space: not measured yet

Community and housing: 75

• Tourism intensity: not measured yet
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: not measured yet
• Short-let density: not measured yet
• Resident support for tourism: 63 % of residents who say tourism benefits them or the city (Redalyc / Revista Rosa dos Ventos - Turismo e Hospitalidade, 'Visión Comunitaria del Turismo. Consideraciones desde la Práctica en el Centro Histórico de La Habana, Cuba', 2019). Between 60 and 70: grade 3/4. Source

Access and continuity: 58

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (CubaTravel (Ministry of Tourism) & World Travel Guide, 2024–2026). At or above 4: grade 4/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated, tested plan that names visitors and tourism operators, with warnings in several languages (UNDRR & PreventionWeb, ALNAP Disaster Risk Reduction Case Studies, 2024–2026). Grade 4/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: A plan with named owners, operators and recovery funding (Open Jaw & Ministry of Tourism of Cuba (MINTUR), 2025–2026). Grade 3/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 32.5 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 20 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 3 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 2.5 and 3: grade 1/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (UN Tourism (UNWTO) / Ministerio del Turismo de Cuba, 2024–2026). Grade 1/4. Source

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