Kumasi

Kumasi, Ghana, scores 47 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #248 of 309 destinations. 25 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 69% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 47
• OECD: 46
• UN Tourism: 51
• UNDRR: 26

Strongest

• Municipal waste per resident: 273.8 kg per resident per year (MDPI, An Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ghana: A Scoping Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Technology Options (citing Miezah et al.), 2015). At or below 350: grade 4/4.
• Domestic share of nights: 97.1 % of nights by residents of the same country (country figure) (Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Accommodation Unit Survey, Nov 2024–Feb 2025). At or above 45: grade 4/4.
• Largest foreign market: 11.9 % of international arrivals or nights (country figure) (Ghana Tourism Authority (GTA), 2025 Tourism Report, 2025). At or below 15: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Income per head: 7,358 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank / Trading Economics, GDP per capita PPP, 2025). Below 15,000: grade 0/4.
• Economic diversity: 47.8 % of employment outside accommodation, food, retail and transport (metro figure) (Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census: District Analytical Report - Kumasi Metropolitan, 2010). Below 55: grade 0/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 8.5 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (Pureco Ltd. & Sewerages Systems Ghana Ltd., Kumasi Wastewater Treatment Plant Project Report, 2021). Below 50: grade 0/4.

Ghana in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

Ghana is #97 of 110 countries (3.35 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 52 on the CIRA Index; Kumasi is 5 below that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 85

• Nights in the three busiest months: 29.1 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2022, 2023 moving average). At or below 30: grade 4/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 97.1 % of nights by residents of the same country (country figure) (Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Accommodation Unit Survey, Nov 2024–Feb 2025). At or above 45: grade 4/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 11.9 % of international arrivals or nights (country figure) (Ghana Tourism Authority (GTA), 2025 Tourism Report, 2025). At or below 15: grade 4/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: not measured yet
• Average length of stay: 13 nights per visitor (country figure) (Ghana Tourism Authority, Ghana Tourism Report 2024, 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 45 % average annual occupancy (country figure) (Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Accommodation Unit Survey, Nov 2024–Feb 2025). Between 45 and 55: grade 1/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 31

• Jobs in tourism industries: 2.6 % of employment in accommodation and food services (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). At or below 8: grade 4/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 12.8 % of the labour force (country figure) (Ghana Statistical Service, Quarterly Labour Force Survey, Q1–Q3 2025). Between 12 and 18: grade 1/4. Source
• Income per head: 7,358 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank / Trading Economics, GDP per capita PPP, 2025). Below 15,000: grade 0/4. Source
• Economic diversity: 47.8 % of employment outside accommodation, food, retail and transport (metro figure) (Ghana Statistical Service, 2010 Population and Housing Census: District Analytical Report - Kumasi Metropolitan, 2010). Below 55: grade 0/4. Source

Climate and hazards: 20

• Extreme heat days: 34.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 30 and 60: grade 1/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 357.6 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 5.1 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 5 and 6.5: grade 1/4. Source

Water and environment: 56

• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 8.5 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (Pureco Ltd. & Sewerages Systems Ghana Ltd., Kumasi Wastewater Treatment Plant Project Report, 2021). Below 50: grade 0/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 273.8 kg per resident per year (MDPI, An Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ghana: A Scoping Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Technology Options (citing Miezah et al.), 2015). At or below 350: grade 4/4. Source
• Green space: 34.9 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly (KMA) Medium-Term Development Plan, via Ghana National Development Planning Commission / Forestry Commission, 2020). Between 30 and 40: grade 3/4. Source

Community and housing: 50

• Tourism intensity: not measured yet
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: 7 % change in rents over the last 12 months (The Africanvestor, Updated Rents in Kumasi (2026), 2026). Between 6 and 10: grade 2/4. Source
• Short-let density: not measured yet
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 38

• Access redundancy: 1 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Ministry of Transport, Ghana, 2024–2026). Between 1 and 2: grade 1/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: A national system only; no city plan found (National Disaster Management Organisation (NADMO) / PreventionWeb, 2024–2025). Grade 1/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Ghana Tourism Authority, 2024–2026). Grade 0/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 51.9 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 40 and 60: grade 2/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A dedicated source such as a tourist tax or levy (Ghana Tourism Authority - Tourism Development Fund, 2025–2026). Grade 2/4. Source

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