London

London, United Kingdom, scores 77 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #13 of 309 destinations. 28 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 82% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 77
• OECD: 76
• UN Tourism: 81
• UNDRR: 71

Strongest

• Average length of stay: 4.3 nights per visitor (Greater London Authority (GLA Economics), A snapshot of tourist accommodation in London, 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4.
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 82 % average annual occupancy (Knight Frank, UK Hotel Trading Performance Review, 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4.
• Extreme heat days: 0.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4.
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4.
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (Greater London Authority, Mayoral Decisions & LCCI, 2025–2026). Grade 1/4.

United Kingdom in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

United Kingdom is #7 of 110 countries (5.08 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 68 on the CIRA Index; London is 9 above that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 79

• Nights in the three busiest months: 28.3 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2023, 2024 moving average). At or below 30: grade 4/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 24.2 % of nights by residents of the same country (Greater London Authority / VisitBritain / ONS, 2024). Between 15 and 25: grade 1/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 17.9 % of international arrivals or nights (Greater London Authority, Tourism in London - Recent Trends (ONS International Passenger Survey), 2024). Between 15 and 20: grade 3/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: 105.5 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (Greater London Authority (GLA Economics), A snapshot of tourist accommodation in London, 2024). Between 100 and 110: grade 3/4. Source
• Average length of stay: 4.3 nights per visitor (Greater London Authority (GLA Economics), A snapshot of tourist accommodation in London, 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 82 % average annual occupancy (Knight Frank, UK Hotel Trading Performance Review, 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 88

• Jobs in tourism industries: 7.1 % of employment in accommodation and food services (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). At or below 8: grade 4/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 6.5 % of the labour force (region figure) (Office for National Statistics, Labour market in the regions of the UK: August 2026, April to June 2026). Between 5 and 8: grade 3/4. Source
• Income per head: 92,397 GDP per capita, USD PPP (region figure) (OECD Regional Statistics / OECD Data Explorer, Gross domestic product - Regions, 2023). At or above 60,000: grade 4/4. Source
• Economic diversity: 78.8 % of employment outside accommodation, food, retail and transport (region figure) (Office for National Statistics via Nomis, Labour Market Profile - London, 2024). Between 72 and 80: grade 3/4. Source

Climate and hazards: 65

• Extreme heat days: 0.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 0.4 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 10: grade 4/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 2.2 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 2 and 3.5: grade 3/4. Source

Water and environment: 88

• Water scarcity: low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 3/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 98.8 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (UN-Water / WHO / UN-Habitat, Progress on the proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flows safely treated (2024), 2022). At or above 95: grade 4/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 376 kg per resident per year (country figure) (Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra), Local authority collected waste management – annual results 2024/25, 2024). Between 350 and 450: grade 3/4. Source
• Green space: 49.5 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Greater London Authority, London Green and Blue Cover, 2019). At or above 40: grade 4/4. Source

Community and housing: 58

• Tourism intensity: 16.9 visitor nights per resident per year (Greater London Authority & Office for National Statistics, 2024). Between 10 and 20: grade 2/4. Source
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: 2.2 % change in rents over the last 12 months (region figure) (Office for National Statistics (ONS), Private rent and house prices, UK: July 2026, 12 months to June 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4. Source
• Short-let density: 3.1 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (Central London Forward (CLF), Short Term Lets in Central London Report 2025, 2024). Between 2 and 4: grade 1/4. Source
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 75

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Transport for London / Port of London Authority, 2026). At or above 4: grade 4/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Greater London Authority, Planning for emergencies in the capital & Heat Ready London, 2024–2026). Grade 3/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: A plan with named owners, operators and recovery funding (London & Partners & Mayor of London, 2022–2025). Grade 3/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 85.8 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). At or above 80: grade 4/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (Greater London Authority, Mayoral Decisions & LCCI, 2025–2026). Grade 1/4. Source

Compare London

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