Maracaibo

Maracaibo, Venezuela, scores 40 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #272 of 309 destinations. 19 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 59% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 40
• OECD: 35
• UN Tourism: 41
• UNDRR: 33

Strongest

• Extreme heat days: 2.6 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Water scarcity: low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 3/4.
• Municipal waste per resident: 365 kg per resident per year (Fundación Azul Ambientalistas / Notizulia, 2020). Between 350 and 450: grade 3/4.

Weakest

• Travel advisory: 4 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Above 3: grade 0/4.
• Government effectiveness: 6.1 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Below 20: grade 0/4.
• Income per head: 9,460 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook Database, 2024). Below 15,000: grade 0/4.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 13

• Nights in the three busiest months: not measured yet
• Domestic share of nights: not measured yet
• Largest foreign market: 31 % of international arrivals or nights (country figure) (Alianza Rebelde Investiga / UN Tourism (OMT), 2014). Between 30 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: not measured yet
• Average length of stay: not measured yet
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 20 % average annual occupancy (region figure) (El Nacional / Cámara Hotelera del Zulia, Jan–Apr 2022). Below 45: grade 0/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 38

• Jobs in tourism industries: not measured yet
• Unemployment rate: 5.3 % of the labour force (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 5 and 8: grade 3/4. Source
• Income per head: 9,460 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Economic Outlook Database, 2024). Below 15,000: grade 0/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 40

• Extreme heat days: 2.6 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 365.2 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 6.4 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 5 and 6.5: grade 1/4. Source

Water and environment: 50

• Water scarcity: low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 3/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: not measured yet
• Municipal waste per resident: 365 kg per resident per year (Fundación Azul Ambientalistas / Notizulia, 2020). Between 350 and 450: grade 3/4. Source
• Green space: 1.9 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (UN-Habitat, Statistical Annex (SDG Indicator 11.7.1), 2019). Below 10: grade 0/4. Source

Community and housing: 50

• Tourism intensity: not measured yet
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: 7.5 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Cámara Inmobiliaria de Venezuela / Cámara Inmobiliaria del Zulia, 2025). Between 6 and 10: grade 2/4. Source
• Short-let density: not measured yet
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 21

• Access redundancy: 2 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (CAPA Centre for Aviation & Wikipedia (Transport in Venezuela), 2024–2026). Between 2 and 3: grade 2/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: A national system only; no city plan found (IOM UN Migration & Sistema Nacional de Gestión de Riesgo (MHEWC), 2024–2026). Grade 1/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Alcaldía Bolivariana de Maracaibo / Dirección Municipal de Turismo, 2026). Grade 0/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 6.1 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Below 20: grade 0/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 4 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Above 3: grade 0/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A dedicated source such as a tourist tax or levy (Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Turismo (Mintur) / Instituto Nacional de Turismo (INATUR), 2025–2026). Grade 2/4. Source

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