Marbella

Marbella, Spain, scores 56 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #198 of 309 destinations. 30 of 32 measures come from public sources, with 86% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 56
• OECD: 56
• UN Tourism: 54
• UNDRR: 56

Strongest

• Average length of stay: 3.6 nights per visitor (Ayuntamiento de Marbella & INE (Encuesta de Ocupación Hotelera), 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4.
• Extreme heat days: 4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Rent growth: 2.4 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Idealista, Valoración de inmuebles en Marbella, Málaga, September 2025–September 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Ayuntamiento de Marbella Delegación de Turismo, 2026). Grade 0/4.
• Short-let density: 7 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Estadística experimental: Medición del número de viviendas turísticas en España y su capacidad, May 2026). Above 4: grade 0/4.
• Tropical nights: 103 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4.

Spain in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

Spain is #3 of 110 countries (5.22 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 69 on the CIRA Index; Marbella is 13 below that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 63

• Nights in the three busiest months: 33.3 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2024, 2025 moving average). Between 30 and 35: grade 3/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 20.7 % of nights by residents of the same country (Ayuntamiento de Marbella / INE (Encuesta de Ocupación Hotelera), 2024). Between 15 and 25: grade 1/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 25.1 % of international arrivals or nights (INE, foreign tourists by municipality and country of residence (mobile-phone positioning, table 52048), 2025). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: 92.4 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (INE / Ayuntamiento de Marbella, 2024). Between 90 and 100: grade 2/4. Source
• Average length of stay: 3.6 nights per visitor (Ayuntamiento de Marbella & INE (Encuesta de Ocupación Hotelera), 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 66.4 % average annual occupancy (INE via Marbella24horas / Ayuntamiento de Marbella, 2024). Between 65 and 75: grade 3/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 75

• Jobs in tourism industries: 7.1 % of employment in accommodation and food services (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). At or below 8: grade 4/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 10.7 % of the labour force (Instituto de Estadística y Cartografía de Andalucía (IECA) - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía (SIMA), 2025). Between 8 and 12: grade 2/4. Source
• Income per head: 59,868 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 45,000 and 60,000: grade 3/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 50

• Extreme heat days: 4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 103 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 2.5 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 2 and 3.5: grade 3/4. Source

Water and environment: 42

• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 81.2 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: SDG Indicators Database by United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs), 2024). Between 70 and 85: grade 2/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 609.6 kg per resident per year (Mancomunidad de Municipios de la Costa del Sol Occidental / Complejo Ambiental Costa del Sol, 2025). Between 550 and 700: grade 1/4. Source
• Green space: not measured yet

Community and housing: 56

• Tourism intensity: 16.3 visitor nights per resident per year (Ayuntamiento de Marbella / Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), 2024). Between 10 and 20: grade 2/4. Source
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: 2.4 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Idealista, Valoración de inmuebles en Marbella, Málaga, September 2025–September 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4. Source
• Short-let density: 7 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Estadística experimental: Medición del número de viviendas turísticas en España y su capacidad, May 2026). Above 4: grade 0/4. Source
• Resident support for tourism: 60.3 % of residents who say tourism benefits them or the city (region figure) (Fundación MADECA (Diputación de Málaga), Barómetro de la Provincia 2024, 2024). Between 60 and 70: grade 3/4. Source

Access and continuity: 58

• Access redundancy: 1 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (IGGA Group / Haute Retreats / Ayuntamiento de Marbella transport infrastructure guides, 2026). Between 1 and 2: grade 1/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: 137.8 % of the same 12 months of 2019, airport passengers (metro figure) (Eurostat avia_paoa, 2025-04–2026-03). At or above 110: grade 4/4. Source
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: 32.1 % of airport passengers carried by the largest airline group (metro figure) (Aena, detailed traffic statistics (passengers by airline, route and country), Sep 2025 – Aug 2026). Between 30 and 40: grade 2/4. Source
• Air route concentration: 43 % of international air passengers on routes to the 3 largest partner countries (metro figure) (Aena, detailed traffic statistics (passengers by airline, route and country), Sep 2025 – Aug 2026). Between 35 and 50: grade 3/4. Source
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Diario Sur / Ayuntamiento de Marbella, 2025–2026). Grade 3/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Ayuntamiento de Marbella Delegación de Turismo, 2026). Grade 0/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 83 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). At or above 80: grade 4/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (Ayuntamiento de Marbella / Málaga Hoy, 2025–2026). Grade 1/4. Source

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