Moscow

Moscow, Russia, scores 40 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #272 of 309 destinations. 25 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 89% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 40
• OECD: 75
• UN Tourism: 79
• UNDRR: 58

Travel advisory at the highest level (do not travel): the CIRA score is capped at 40. Without the cap: 75.

Strongest

• Domestic share of nights: 89.4 % of nights by residents of the same country (Moscow Mayor (mos.ru) / TAdviser, 2025). At or above 45: grade 4/4.
• Average length of stay: 5 nights per visitor (Official portal of the Moscow Mayor and Moscow Government (mos.ru), 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4.
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 78 % average annual occupancy (Official portal of the Moscow Mayor and Moscow Government (mos.ru), 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Travel advisory: 4 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Above 3: grade 0/4.
• Government effectiveness: 29.7 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 20 and 40: grade 1/4.
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 90

• Nights in the three busiest months: not measured yet
• Domestic share of nights: 89.4 % of nights by residents of the same country (Moscow Mayor (mos.ru) / TAdviser, 2025). At or above 45: grade 4/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 16.9 % of international arrivals or nights (Moscow City Tourism Committee / TAdviser, 2025). Between 15 and 20: grade 3/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: 103.6 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (Official portal of the Moscow Mayor and Moscow Government (mos.ru), 2024). Between 100 and 110: grade 3/4. Source
• Average length of stay: 5 nights per visitor (Official portal of the Moscow Mayor and Moscow Government (mos.ru), 2024). At or above 3.5: grade 4/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 78 % average annual occupancy (Official portal of the Moscow Mayor and Moscow Government (mos.ru), 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 88

• Jobs in tourism industries: not measured yet
• Unemployment rate: 1.8 % of the labour force (Moscow City Government (Department of Economic Policy and Development of Moscow), 2023). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Income per head: 49,568 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 45,000 and 60,000: grade 3/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 65

• Extreme heat days: 0.2 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 3 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 10: grade 4/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 3.8 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 3.5 and 5: grade 2/4. Source

Water and environment: 75

• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 100 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (Government of Moscow Department of Economic Policy and Development, Order No. DPR-TD-450/25, 2024). At or above 95: grade 4/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 457.1 kg per resident per year (metro figure) (FinExpertiza based on Rosprirodnadzor Form 2-TP (Waste) and Rosstat data, 2025). Between 450 and 550: grade 2/4. Source
• Green space: 44.3 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Rosstat / Moscow City University Journal (Vestnik MGPU), 2023). At or above 40: grade 4/4. Source

Community and housing: 92

• Tourism intensity: 5.4 visitor nights per resident per year (Rosstat (Federal State Statistics Service), Statistical Bulletin for World Tourism Day 2025 & Population Statistics, 2024). Between 5 and 10: grade 3/4. Source
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: 1.3 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Cian / TASS / Etagi, September 2025 – September 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4. Source
• Short-let density: not measured yet
• Resident support for tourism: 70 % of residents who say tourism benefits them or the city (Moscow City Government (mos.ru) / Moscow Tourism Committee, 2025). At or above 70: grade 4/4. Source

Access and continuity: 42

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Government of Moscow (mos.ru) / President of Russia official site, 2024). At or above 4: grade 4/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation (EMERCOM), 2024–2025). Grade 3/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: Crisis communication only, ad hoc (Government of Moscow (mos.ru) - News, 2023–2024). Grade 1/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 29.7 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 20 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 4 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Above 3: grade 0/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (Government of Moscow (mos.ru) - News, 2024–2025). Grade 1/4. Source

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