Baghdad vs Lahore

Lahore leads Baghdad by 1 points on the CIRA Index, 41 to 40. Baghdad grades better on 4 measures, Lahore on 5; the same 35 measures from public sources for both.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: Baghdad 40, Lahore 41
• OECD: Baghdad 40, Lahore 41
• UN Tourism: Baghdad 51, Lahore 47
• UNDRR: Baghdad 23, Lahore 28

Theme by theme

• Demand and seasonality: Baghdad 100, Lahore 56
• Economy and jobs: Baghdad 56, Lahore 56
• Climate and hazards: Baghdad 15, Lahore 10
• Water and environment: Baghdad 31, Lahore 44
• Community and housing: Baghdad 75, Lahore 25
• Access and continuity: Baghdad 21, Lahore 38

Where Baghdad is stronger

• Country disaster risk: 5.7 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 5 and 6.5: grade 1/4.
• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 52.4 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (country figure) (UN-Water / WHO / UN-Habitat SDG 6 Country Profiles, 2024). Between 50 and 70: grade 1/4.
• Rent growth: 3.1 % change in rents over the last 12 months (country figure) (Ahmad Khalaf (citing Central Statistical Organization Iraq), 2024). Between 3 and 6: grade 3/4.

Where Lahore is stronger

• Municipal waste per resident: 197.1 kg per resident per year (MDPI Sustainability / Lahore Waste Management Company (LWMC), 2022). At or below 350: grade 4/4.
• Green space: 22 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Husqvarna Urban Green Space Index (HUGSI), 2023). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4.
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA) Punjab, 2024). Grade 3/4.
• Government effectiveness: 25.5 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 20 and 40: grade 1/4.
• Travel advisory: 3 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 2.5 and 3: grade 1/4.

Country context (World Economic Forum)

• Pakistan: #95 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026

Baghdad in full · Lahore in full

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