Surabaya

Surabaya, Indonesia, scores 51 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #232 of 309 destinations. 23 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 84% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 51
• OECD: 51
• UN Tourism: 61
• UNDRR: 46

Strongest

• Jobs in tourism industries: 5 % of employment in accommodation and food services (BPS Kota Surabaya via Katadata Databoks & BPS Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 8: grade 4/4.
• Unemployment rate: 4.9 % of the labour force (BPS Kota Surabaya / Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (metro figure) (Government of Indonesia / Port & Airport Authorities, 2024). At or above 4: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Wastewater safely treated: 31.9 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (BPS Jawa Timur / Dinas PRKPCK Provinsi Jawa Timur, LKJIP 2025, 2024). Below 50: grade 0/4.
• Tropical nights: 364.8 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4.
• Average length of stay: 1.4 nights per visitor (BPS Kota Surabaya, Perkembangan Tingkat Penghunian Kamar (TPK) Hotel Kota Surabaya Desember 2025, December 2025). Below 1.8: grade 0/4.

Indonesia in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

Indonesia is #23 of 110 countries (4.56 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 63 on the CIRA Index; Surabaya is 12 below that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 55

• Nights in the three busiest months: 28.5 % of annual nights (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: UN Tourism by United Nations World Tourism Organization), 2024, 2025 moving average). At or below 30: grade 4/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 92.6 % of nights by residents of the same country (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (Dinas Kebudayaan, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga serta Pariwisata Kota Surabaya), 2023). At or above 45: grade 4/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 31 % of international arrivals or nights (region figure) (BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur, Jan–Jul 2024). Between 30 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: not measured yet
• Average length of stay: 1.4 nights per visitor (BPS Kota Surabaya, Perkembangan Tingkat Penghunian Kamar (TPK) Hotel Kota Surabaya Desember 2025, December 2025). Below 1.8: grade 0/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 55.4 % average annual occupancy (BPS Kota Surabaya, Perkembangan Tingkat Penghunian Kamar (TPK) Hotel Kota Surabaya, 2024). Between 55 and 65: grade 2/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 75

• Jobs in tourism industries: 5 % of employment in accommodation and food services (BPS Kota Surabaya via Katadata Databoks & BPS Keadaan Ketenagakerjaan Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 8: grade 4/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 4.9 % of the labour force (BPS Kota Surabaya / Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Income per head: 17,660 GDP per capita, USD PPP (country figure) (World Bank WDI, 2025). Between 15,000 and 30,000: grade 1/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 30

• Extreme heat days: 25 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 15 and 30: grade 2/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 364.8 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Above 100: grade 0/4. Source
• Flood hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 4.5 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 3.5 and 5: grade 2/4. Source

Water and environment: 50

• Water scarcity: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 31.9 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (BPS Jawa Timur / Dinas PRKPCK Provinsi Jawa Timur, LKJIP 2025, 2024). Below 50: grade 0/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 218.3 kg per resident per year (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) - Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional (SIPSN), 2023). At or below 350: grade 4/4. Source
• Green space: 22 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (Official City Government Portal), 2022). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4. Source

Community and housing

• Tourism intensity: not measured yet
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: not measured yet
• Short-let density: not measured yet
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 58

• Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (metro figure) (Government of Indonesia / Port & Airport Authorities, 2024). At or above 4: grade 4/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2025–2026). Grade 3/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: Crisis communication only, ad hoc (Dinas Kebudayaan, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga serta Pariwisata Kota Surabaya / Detikcom, 2024–2025). Grade 1/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 59 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 40 and 60: grade 2/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A promotion budget that depends each year on the general budget (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (DPA / APBD Kota Surabaya), 2024–2025). Grade 1/4. Source

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