Bandung vs Surabaya
Bandung leads Surabaya by 8 points on the CIRA Index, 59 to 51. Bandung grades better on 4 measures, Surabaya on 4; the same 35 measures from public sources for both.
Scores by each organisation's criteria
- CIRA Index: Bandung 59, Surabaya 51
- OECD: Bandung 57, Surabaya 51
- UN Tourism: Bandung 60, Surabaya 61
- UNDRR: Bandung 50, Surabaya 46
Theme by theme
- Demand and seasonality: Bandung 54, Surabaya 55
- Economy and jobs: Bandung 67, Surabaya 75
- Climate and hazards: Bandung 50, Surabaya 30
- Water and environment: Bandung 56, Surabaya 50
- Community and housing: Bandung 100, Surabaya –
- Access and continuity: Bandung 50, Surabaya 58
Where Bandung is stronger
- Extreme heat days: 0 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
- Tropical nights: 90.8 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 60 and 100: grade 1/4.
- Wildfire and storm hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4.
- Wastewater safely treated: 72.6 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bandung / Pemerintah Kota Bandung (Si Paten), 2023). Between 70 and 85: grade 2/4.
Where Surabaya is stronger
- Largest foreign market: 31 % of international arrivals or nights (region figure) (BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur, Jan–Jul 2024). Between 30 and 40: grade 1/4.
- Unemployment rate: 4.9 % of the labour force (BPS Kota Surabaya / Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
- Green space: 22 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (Pemerintah Kota Surabaya (Official City Government Portal), 2022). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4.
- Access redundancy: 4 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (metro figure) (Government of Indonesia / Port & Airport Authorities, 2024). At or above 4: grade 4/4.
Country context (World Economic Forum)
- Indonesia: #23 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026
- Indonesia: #23 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026
Bandung in full · Surabaya in full
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