Florence vs Zagreb

Florence and Zagreb are level on the CIRA Index at 58. Florence grades better on 7 measures, Zagreb on 8; the same 35 measures from public sources for both.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: Florence 58, Zagreb 58
• OECD: Florence 58, Zagreb 57
• UN Tourism: Florence 61, Zagreb 62
• UNDRR: Florence 56, Zagreb 56

Theme by theme

• Demand and seasonality: Florence 54, Zagreb 45
• Economy and jobs: Florence 92, Zagreb 67
• Climate and hazards: Florence 55, Zagreb 60
• Water and environment: Florence 56, Zagreb 69
• Community and housing: Florence 42, Zagreb 50
• Access and continuity: Florence 63, Zagreb 67

Where Florence is stronger

• Nights in the three busiest months: 34.6 % of annual nights (metro figure) (Città Metropolitana di Firenze, Statistica del Turismo - Movimento Turistico, 2023). Between 30 and 35: grade 3/4.
• Average length of stay: 2.4 nights per visitor (metro figure) (Centro Studi Turistici di Firenze (CST Firenze) via La Nazione, 2025). Between 2.2 and 2.8: grade 2/4.
• Jobs in tourism industries: 9 % of employment in accommodation and food services (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). Between 8 and 12: grade 3/4.
• Income per head: 61,826 GDP per capita, USD PPP (metro figure) (OECD Functional Urban Areas (Metropolitan Areas Database), 2021). At or above 60,000: grade 4/4.
• Flood hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 99 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (metro figure) (Publiacqua (Water Utility of Metropolitan Florence), 2022). At or above 95: grade 4/4.
• Rent growth: -13.8 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Idealista, Evoluzione del prezzo delle case in affitto, Firenze, August 2025 – August 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4.

Where Zagreb is stronger

• Largest foreign market: 8.1 % of international arrivals or nights (Turistička zajednica grada Zagreba (TZGZ) / eVisitor, 2025). At or below 15: grade 4/4.
• Recovery against 2019: 103.1 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (Croatian Bureau of Statistics (DZS), Statistical Information / TUR-2025-1-2, 2025). Between 100 and 110: grade 3/4.
• Extreme heat days: 0.6 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Municipal waste per resident: 455 kg per resident per year (Grad Zagreb, Plan gospodarenja otpadom Grada Zagreba za razdoblje do 2029. godine (citing MZOZT), 2022). Between 450 and 550: grade 2/4.
• Green space: 74 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (European Environment Agency (EEA) / Zagreb Tourist Board, 2022). At or above 40: grade 4/4.
• Tourism intensity: 3.6 visitor nights per resident per year (Turistička zajednica grada Zagreba (TZGZ) & Državni zavod za statistiku (DZS), 2025). At or below 5: grade 4/4.
• Short-let density: 1.1 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (AirDNA & Croatian Bureau of Statistics (DZS) 2021 Census, 2026). Between 1 and 2: grade 2/4.
• Travel advisory: 1 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). At or below 1: grade 4/4.

Country context (World Economic Forum)

• Italy: #10 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026
• Croatia: #46 of 110 in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026

Florence in full · Zagreb in full

The CIRA Index ranking · City vs city · How the index works · CIRA Studio · Put your city in the pilot