Florence

Florence, Italy, scores 58 on the CIRA Index of tourism resilience, #168 of 309 destinations. 27 of 29 measures come from public sources, with 87% confidence. Every grade below states its value, period and source.

Scores by each organisation's criteria

• CIRA Index: 58
• OECD: 58
• UN Tourism: 61
• UNDRR: 56

Strongest

• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 76.3 % average annual occupancy (Italian Hotel Monitor (Trademark Italia) via GuidaViaggi, 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4.
• Rent growth: -13.8 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Idealista, Evoluzione del prezzo delle case in affitto, Firenze, August 2025 – August 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4.
• Wastewater safely treated: 99 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (metro figure) (Publiacqua (Water Utility of Metropolitan Florence), 2022). At or above 95: grade 4/4.

Weakest

• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Comune di Firenze / Destination Florence, 2024–2026). Grade 0/4.
• Short-let density: 4.3 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (Sky TG24 / Centro Studi AIGAB & AirDNA, August 2026). Above 4: grade 0/4.
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4.

Italy in the World Economic Forum Travel & Tourism Development Index

Italy is #10 of 110 countries (4.93 of 7) in the WEF Travel & Tourism Development Index 2026, which scores countries, not cities. Cities in countries with that WEF score average 67 on the CIRA Index; Florence is 9 below that.

Every measure, by theme

Demand and seasonality: 54

• Nights in the three busiest months: 34.6 % of annual nights (metro figure) (Città Metropolitana di Firenze, Statistica del Turismo - Movimento Turistico, 2023). Between 30 and 35: grade 3/4. Source
• Domestic share of nights: 17 % of nights by residents of the same country (ISTAT, I flussi turistici – Anno 2024, 2024). Between 15 and 25: grade 1/4. Source
• Largest foreign market: 29 % of international arrivals or nights (Centro Studi Turistici (CST) Firenze for Comune di Firenze / Federalberghi Firenze, 2025). Between 20 and 30: grade 2/4. Source
• Recovery against 2019: 83 % of 2019 visitor nights reached in the latest full year (metro figure) (Centro Studi del Touring Club Italiano su dati ISTAT, 2024). Between 80 and 90: grade 1/4. Source
• Average length of stay: 2.4 nights per visitor (metro figure) (Centro Studi Turistici di Firenze (CST Firenze) via La Nazione, 2025). Between 2.2 and 2.8: grade 2/4. Source
• Hotel bed or room occupancy: 76.3 % average annual occupancy (Italian Hotel Monitor (Trademark Italia) via GuidaViaggi, 2024). At or above 75: grade 4/4. Source

Economy and jobs: 92

• Jobs in tourism industries: 9 % of employment in accommodation and food services (country figure) (World Economic Forum, TTDI 2026 (data: Travel & Tourism Economic Impact Research by World Travel & Tourism Council; Travel & Tourism by World Travel & Tourism Council), 2026). Between 8 and 12: grade 3/4. Source
• Unemployment rate: 4 % of the labour force (region figure) (IRPET / Istat, Flash Lavoro 63/2025, Q4 2024). At or below 5: grade 4/4. Source
• Income per head: 61,826 GDP per capita, USD PPP (metro figure) (OECD Functional Urban Areas (Metropolitan Areas Database), 2021). At or above 60,000: grade 4/4. Source
• Economic diversity: not measured yet

Climate and hazards: 55

• Extreme heat days: 23.4 days a year at or above 35°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 15 and 30: grade 2/4. Source
• Tropical nights: 28.2 nights a year with a minimum at or above 20°C (last 5 full years) (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 2021–2025). Between 10 and 30: grade 3/4. Source
• Flood hazard: medium (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 2/4. Source
• Wildfire and storm hazard: high (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 1/4. Source
• Country disaster risk: 3.1 INFORM Risk index, 0–10 (country figure) (INFORM Risk (European Commission JRC), INFORM Risk Mid 2026, 2026). Between 2 and 3.5: grade 3/4. Source

Water and environment: 56

• Water scarcity: low (region figure) (World Bank GFDRR ThinkHazard, current (retrieved 2026)). Grade 3/4. Source
• Wastewater safely treated: 99 % of domestic wastewater safely treated (metro figure) (Publiacqua (Water Utility of Metropolitan Florence), 2022). At or above 95: grade 4/4. Source
• Municipal waste per resident: 614.1 kg per resident per year (ISPRA - Catasto Nazionale Rifiuti, 2024). Between 550 and 700: grade 1/4. Source
• Green space: 17 % of the urban area that is green or tree-covered (L'Italia Forestale e Montana / Comune di Firenze (Piano del Verde IRIS), 2024). Between 10 and 20: grade 1/4. Source

Community and housing: 42

• Tourism intensity: 25 visitor nights per resident per year (Centro Studi Turistici Firenze / Comune di Firenze, Il mercato turistico delle prime cinque città d'arte italiane, 2023). Between 20 and 40: grade 1/4. Source
• Cruise pressure: not measured yet
• Rent growth: -13.8 % change in rents over the last 12 months (Idealista, Evoluzione del prezzo delle case in affitto, Firenze, August 2025 – August 2026). At or below 3: grade 4/4. Source
• Short-let density: 4.3 short-term rental listings per 100 dwellings (Sky TG24 / Centro Studi AIGAB & AirDNA, August 2026). Above 4: grade 0/4. Source
• Resident support for tourism: not measured yet

Access and continuity: 63

• Access redundancy: 3 independent ways in: international airport, intercity rail, port, motorway (Comune di Firenze / Enac / RFI, 2024). Between 3 and 4: grade 3/4. Source
• Air traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Rail share of intercity access: not measured yet
• Rail traffic recovery: not measured yet
• Largest airline group share: not measured yet
• Air route concentration: not measured yet
• Early warning and emergency plan: An updated city plan with public early warning for heat, flood or fire (Comune di Firenze, Deliberazione del Consiglio Comunale, 2024). Grade 3/4. Source
• Tourism crisis and recovery plan: No tourism crisis or recovery plan found (Comune di Firenze / Destination Florence, 2024–2026). Grade 0/4. Source
• Government effectiveness: 77.8 World Bank WGI percentile rank, 0–100 (country figure) (World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators, 2025). Between 60 and 80: grade 3/4. Source
• Travel advisory: 2 stricter of the US and Canadian government advisory for the country, 1 (normal precautions) to 4 (do not travel) (country figure) (US State Department and Government of Canada travel advisories, 2026-09-29). Between 1 and 2: grade 3/4. Source
• Dedicated tourism funding: A dedicated source partly ring-fenced for residents, infrastructure or sustainability (Comune di Firenze, Regolamento per l'applicazione dell'imposta di soggiorno, 2024). Grade 3/4. Source

Compare Florence

• Florence vs Rome
• Florence vs Venice
• Florence vs Milan
• Florence vs Málaga
• Florence vs Granada
• Florence vs Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
• Florence vs Seville
• Florence vs Sofia
• Florence vs Zagreb

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